Search results for " HBV INFECTION"

HBV reactivation in patients with HCV/HBV cirrhosis on treatment with direct-acting antivirals

2017

Anecdotal reports suggest that patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) hepatitis and overt or occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection may reactivate HBV when HCV is suppressed or cleared by direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). We assessed the prevalence of overt or previous HBV coinfection and the risk of HBV reactivation in patients with HCV cirrhosis treated with DAAs. This was a retrospective cohort of 104 consecutive patients with HCV cirrhosis treated with DAAs. Serum HCV-RNA and HBV-DNA were tested at weeks 4, 8 and 12 of DAAs therapy and at week 12 of follow-up. At the start of DAAs, eight patients (7.7%) were HBsAg positive/HBeAg negative with undetectable HBV-DNA and low level…

Update of the statements on biology and clinical impact of occult hepatitis B virus infection

2019

In October 2018 a large number of international experts with complementary expertise came together in Taormina to participate in a workshop on occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI). The objectives of the workshop were to review the existing knowledge on OBI, to identify issues that require further investigation, to highlight both existing controversies and newly emerging perspectives, and ultimately to update the statements previously agreed in 2008. This paper represents the output from the workshop.

Gender differences in chronic liver diseases in two cohorts of 2001 and 2014 in Italy

2017

Background: Gender differences in chronic liver disease (CLD) have been partially investigated. To extend the present knowledge, we evaluated 12,263 patients with CLD enrolled in two national surveys (9997 in 2001 and 2557 in 2014). Methods: The two surveys prospectively recruited patients aged ≥ 18 referring to Italian liver units throughout the country using a similar clinical approach and analytical methods. Results: The overall male to female ratio (M/F) was 1.4 (7138/5124). Compared with females, males were significantly more likely to be younger (52.9 vs. 58.7 yrs.), with HBV infection alone (13.2% vs. 9.2%) and with alcoholic liver disease alone (11.4% vs. 6.9%), but less likely t…

Occult HBV infection and suppression of HCV replication in the early phase of combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C

2003

Occult HBV infection in subjects with chronic hepatitis C is related to more severe disease outcome. It has been suggested that it might reduce sensitivity to antiviral treatment.To assess in HBsAg negative subjects with chronic hepatitis C any effect of the presence of HBV genomes in the liver on the early kinetics of HCV-RNA under PEG-IFN plus ribavirin.Twenty-two anti-HCV and HCV-RNA positive subjects, with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis C (M/F 15/7; 50 +/- 8.6 years, 16 genotype 1b) were given PEG-IFN alpha 2b 1.0 microg qw plus ribavirin (800 to 1,200 mg daily according to body weight) for an intended 52 week period. Early virological response was assessed over the first 4 weeks of th…

Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study

2018

PubMed: 29599078

Occult Hepatitis B Infection in the Immigrant Population of Sicily, Italy.

2012

In Italy, about 7 % of the resident population is represented by immigrants originating from geographic regions at high endemicity for hepatitis B virus infection. This study aims to assess the prevalence of occult HBV infection (OBI) including the identification of HBV-genotypes in a population of immigrants serologically negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Between May 2006 and May 2010, 339 immigrants were tested for markers of HBV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. HBV-DNA was tested by using nested-PCR assays on three different genetic region. HBV-DNA was detected in plasma samples of 11/339 (3.2 %) patients. Most of them had no ser…

Phylogenetic Analysis of isolates from new cases of HBV infection in Southern Italy.

2012

The level of endemicity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in Italy is low and genotype D infections predominant. New HBV strains may however be introduced as a result of movements of people from regions of high endemicity. The aim of the present study was to determine whether strains from new cases of acute hepatitis B detected in southern Italy were due to endemic or new HBV strains. We studied 34 isolates from patients with acute hepatitis B infection, and 35 from chronic hepatitis B patients. A phylogenetic analysis of preS/S region was done by comparing the sequences from the acute and chronic cases with references sequences. The study showed that 44% of strain from acute hepatitis …

Occult Hbv infection and its reactivation in immunosuppressed patients.

2011

GENETIC, VIROLOGICAL AND CLINICAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA DEVELOPEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HBV AND HCV INFECTION

RUOLO DELL'INTERAZIONE KIRs/HLA NEI PAZIENTI CON INFEZIONE CRONICA DA HBV

Background: The Natural Killer (NK) cells provide a major defense against several infections and their activity is regulated partially through inhibitory and activating killer cell immunoglobulin - like receptors (KIRs) interacting with human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class I molecules. The aim of this study is to assess whether the KIR and HLA repertoire may influence the course of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Methods: Till now, twenty – four patients with chronic HBV infection have been genotyped for KIRs and their HLA ligands, along with non-exposed subjects (HBsAg negative, anti - HBcAb positive with or without anti - HBsAb) as controls. Results: All the KIR haplotypes are represen…